Multiple choice

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1. Eagle Manufacturing, Inc., contracted with Digital Repair Services to maintain Eagle’s computers. A “Liquidated Damages Clause” provides that Digital will pay Eagle $500 for each day that Digital is late in responding to a service request. If Digital is three days late in responding, and Eagle sues to enforce this clause, Eagle will

A) lose, because liquidated damages clauses violate public policy.

B) lose, unless the liquidated damages clause is determined to be a penalty.

C) win, because liquidated damages clauses are always enforceable.

D) win, unless the liquidated damages clause is determined to be a penalty.

 

2. Fast Ed, a stock trader, engages in a “pump and dump” scheme whereby he goes into Internet chat stock rooms and “hypes,” praises, and extols certain stocks he owns. He says such things as: “This is the best stock ever.” “This stock is great and will make us a fortune.” “You MUST own this stock in your portfolio.” He does repeatedly and uses several aliases. Then, when Fast Ed has “pumped up” the price of the stock to a certain level, he calls his broker to sell, that is, to “dump,” the stock. He makes a lot of money with this scheme. Fast Ed is likely acting:

A) Illegally pursuant to the common law tort of deceit since he did not disclose the aliases.

B) Illegally pursuant to the Securities Act of 1934 for engaging in stock manipulation.

C) Legally since he was careful not to make any misrepresentations of material fact regarding the stock, and just used “puffing” or sales talk.

D) Legally since everyone knows not to put any credence behind what people say in chat rooms, especially about stocks, and thus “Let the buyer beware.”

 

3. Stan buys a CD player from Tom, his neighbor, who agrees to keep the player until Stan picks it up. Before Stan can get it, the player is stolen. The loss is suffered by

A) Stan only.

B) Tom only.

C) Stan and Tom.

D) none of the above.

 

4. Francis owns a small motel in Sugarloaf Key. She notices by means of public advertising that her competitors in Big Pine Key and Ramrod Key have extended by two weeks their “winter season” and thus their winter season higher rates. Francis also notices the “no vacancy” signs at her competitors’ motels. So, Francis decides to extend the winter season at her motel too. Francis has engaged:

A) Illegal horizontal price-fixing by means of an express agreement.

B) Illegal horizontal price-fixing by means of an implied agreement

C) Legal action by means of the doctrine of Conscious Parallelism

D) Legal action since anti-trust law does not apply to small motels, only large ones and hotels.

 

Multiple choice

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1. Carrie decides to offer Susan the opportunity to purchase her motorcycle for just $500. Carrie told Carter, a mutual friend of hers and Susan’s, that she intended to make the offer. Later, Carrie changes her mind. Susan approaches Carrie and says she accepts the offer. What will the likely result be? 

A. No contract was formed because Carrie didn’t possess a serious, objective intention.

B. No contract was formed because Carrie never communicated the offer to Susan.

C. No contract was formed because the terms of the offer weren’t certain or definite enough to form a contract. 

D. A contract was formed because Susan accepted Carrie’s offer.

 

2. Will contracts with Grace to sell her 100 lamps for $1,000. Will breaches his contractual duty to deliver the lamps, and Grace buys 100 lamps for $2,000 from another dealer. Grace sues Will for breach of contract. She will most likely receive what type of damages? 

A. Compensatory damages in the amount of $1,000 

B. Compensatory damages in the amount of $2,000

C. Consequential damages of $3,000

D. Nominal damages of $100

 

3. Uncle Eb tells his wayward nephew Jonah that if he refrains from drinking and smoking until he reaches the age of 18, he’ll pay him $500,000. Jonah refrains from drinking and smoking until after his eighteenth birthday. What would a judge most likely say? 

A. No contract is formed because there’s no bargained-for exchange.

B. No contract is formed because there’s no legal value offered.

C. No contract is formed due to inadequacy of consideration.

D. A contract exists between Uncle Eb and Jonah.

 

4. Joey mailed Clark an offer in which he offered to sell Clark all of his baseball cards for $300. No other stipulations appeared in the offer. The next day, Clark mailed Joey his acceptance of the offer, along with a check for $300. That same day, Joey mailed Clark a letter revoking his offer. The most likely result will be that 

A. no contract was formed because Joey revoked the offer. 

B. a contract was formed because of the mailbox rule.

C. no contract was formed because Clark used an improper means of acceptance.

D. a contract was formed because once Joey mailed the offer, he couldn’t revoke it.

 

repond to student…100-200words

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Your rotator cuff is located in both of your shoulders. The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that attach the humerus (upper arm) to the scapula (shoulder blade).  The rotator cuff supples stability to the shoulder and enables the shoulder to rotate up and down. The rotator cuff is not just one muscle but it consists of four scapular muscles. These muscles/tendons are nicknamed SITS. The first “S” stands for Supraspinatus which helps the deltoid in abduction of arm. The “I” stands for Infraspinatus which modulates action of the deltoid and stops the humeral head from going upward. It also rotates the upper arm laterally. The “T” stands for Teres Minor   the upper arm by performing transverse abduction extension and transverse extension. The last “S” stands for Subscapularis and  prevent the humeral head from sliding upward as the arm is abducted. It also rotates the humerus medially. (Saladin,K.Sullivan,S.& Gan,C. 2015.p.295-296) 

 

A rotator cuff injury is a tear in any one of the muscle/tendons of SITS group. However the most common tendon to become affected with a tear is the Supraspinatus. This is caused by over use of the arm. The most common people to acquire a rotator cuff tear are painters, carpenters, baseball players, tennis players, weight lifters, and bowlers. Over use of the shoulder can cause swelling and irritation to the tendon which results in degeneration of the tendon and then can possibly rupture in reaction to moderate stress.(Saladin,K. Sullivan,S. & Gan, C. 2015. p.345).

 

There are two types of rotator cuff injuries, acute and chronic tears of the rotator cuff.  An acute rotator cuff tear may happen due to a fall or over use of the arm. Think painters/carpenters. An acute tear consists of a partial tear of the rotator cuff and only affects the soft tissue. A chronic rotator cuff tear occurs due to chronic over use of the arm, think baseball players and consists of a complete tear that splits the soft tissue into two pieces. Tendons sometimes tear off of the humerus bone where it is attached. The signs and symptoms of a rotator cuff tear are a deep dull pain in the affected shoulder. Pain when using the affected arm, especially when reaching for something. Sometimes the affected area may be warm to touch and slightly swollen. Usually a MRI, xray or ultrasound is needed to diagnose an acute or chronic rotator cuff injury. When it comes to treatment options there are different options to consider. Rest, heat/cold packs are the number one choice. Medications such as ibuprofen that can help with swelling of the muscle/tendon. Electrical stimulation that is performed by a physical therapist. If the tear is very serious and the other options have not helped then one might have to have surgical repair to the torn rotator cuff.(www.emdinehelath.com.,2014) 

 

WC 508

 

References:

Saldain,K.S.,Sullivan,S.J.& Gan, C.A. (2015) Anatomy & Physiology: The unity of form and function. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill

Rotator Cuff Injury. (2013) Retrived May 16, 2016 from www.emedinehealth.com

Multiple choice

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1. Jack is a very mature looking seventeen-year-old who lives at home with his parents. Jack wants to purchase an automobile. Jack goes to Discount Car Sales where Bud, the car salesman, never considers that Jack may be a minor because Jack looks at least twenty-five. Bud sells Jack a car, with the agreement that Jack will pay Bud $100 per month over the next five years for the car. Which one of the following is true? 

A. Despite Jack’s minor status, Bud can prohibit Jack from disaffirming a contract for a necessary (or basic need). 

B. Jack can disaffirm the contract because of his minor status at the time the contract was formed. 

C. Bud can disaffirm the contract because of Jack’s minor status at the time the contract was formed. 

D. Bud can hold Jack’s parents liable for Jack’s contract, because Jack was a minor living in their home at the time the contract was formed. 

 

2. Edward offers Austin one million dollars to break into the World Museum and steal a priceless Egyptian diamond. Austin readily accepts the offer. Both Edward and Austin have reached the age of majority and possess the capacity to contract. Which of the following requirements for the formation of a contract is missing? 

A. Legality 

B. Consideration

C. Contractual capacity

D. Agreement

 

3. Paul wants to buy an antique car from Betty. Paul believes that the car is worth $30,000, even though Betty is asking only $10,000 for the car. In actuality, the car is worth only $5,000. The result of this chain of events would be a 

A. mistake of fact. 

B. fraudulent misrepresentation.

C. mutual mistake.

D. mistake of value.

 

4. Jason contracts with Mountaintop Life Insurance to purchase life insurance. Jason lists his wife, Melba, as the beneficiary. Melba is a/an 

A. donee beneficiary. 

B. creditor beneficiary.

C. incidental beneficiary.

D. obligee. 

 

For “Tutor Nicole” Only

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Please answer every part of the question with great detail to support the answers that are provided.  Also, we are required to find a journal article and use a quote from it that is not used from the one’s she provided which are attached. It has to be one we find that has to do with any one of those questions and added in the one of the paragraphs.

 

Attached are the you tube videos if you need a better understanding to help you with some of the questions.

 

View: (strengths perspective in under 2 minutes)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fnR5fmhdWNY&list=PLV96Vr0WaovR5MX_RU7_Z1aKjpG5Lry-9&index=4 (Links to an external site.)

 

 

View: (humanistic psychology lecture – about 27 minutes) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=akLBxS1yFqg (Links to an external site.)

 

 

View: (Ecosystems Theory – about 11 minutes)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=01BnvOrEDP 

 

 

Thank you.

Multiple choice

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1. By having a “good will,” Kant fundamentally meant that one:

Should use one’s conscience and intuition to determine morality.

Should have the strength and will-power to get power and position and to achieve one’s goals.

Should have the strength of character to do what is morally right and not do what is morally wrong.

Should always be the first to buy a “round of drinks” for one’s friends at Happy Hour.

 

2. Kantian ethics can best be characterized by:

The consultation of an outside source, such as a person or a book, for guidance.

The belief that a person must decide what course of action is proper based on that person’s own set of beliefs and feelings.

Determining which course of action produces the greatest amount of good for society.

A set of universal moral rules based on reasoning that must be applied in all situations and characterized by consistency and rationality.

 

3. World Development Corporation suggests that its employees apply the Categorical Imperative to ethical issues that arise at work. This theory requires that the employees

Seek to overthrow unjust governments by any means at their disposal

Categorize the issues according to profitability and legality

Evaluate their actions in light of how they treat human beings

Take whatever steps are necessary to survive since one can say categorically that it is a “moral jungle” in the business world.

 

4. Consumer Products, Inc., asks its employees, many of whom are unionized, to apply the Utilitarian theory of ethics. This theory does NOT require

A choice among alternatives that will produce maximum social utility

A determination of what individuals will be affected by an action

An assessment of the positive and negative consequences of alternative actions on individuals affected

The acquiring of the means of production and distribution by the workers.

 

Eight Elements of Thought and Reasoning #2

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 100% PLAGIARISM FREE!!!

There are eight elements of thought in reasoning. We often use more than one element at the same time. For example, your Point of View includes Assumptions. Therefore, we can assume that these elements are two aspects of the same thing.

For your assignment this week, first begin by analyzing eight elements of thought and reasoning and re-organize them into four distinct categories by pairing elements together.

Next, briefly describe each new category you created and present your reasoning for each category. Include the characteristics of the original eight elements in your descriptions and the reasoning behind your pairings

Category:
Point of view is …
Assumptions are…
Explanation…
Example:

Below is an example of what one category may look like. You are free to pair any elements together if you can define their relationship to one another. Focus on the reasoning behind each pairing. That is what is most important in this exercise!

Example Category:

Category 1: How do I see it?

Point of View: The place from where I see things

Assumption: Information that is taken for granted; Preconceived notions

Explanation: I paired point of view and assumptions together in the same category because assumptions form your point of view. You cannot form a point of view without having assumptions first.

Example: My assumption is that short people are not good at basketball. My younger cousin is 5’ 3’’ and is terrible at the sport. Therefore, my point of view is that no short people can play basketball professionally.

Your completed assignment should be written primarily in first person and should be 500-750 words in length. If you use sources in your writing, be sure to identify them. If you use any direct language from a source, be sure to place those words in quotation marks.

Multiple choice

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1. Defendant Smith’s act helped cause an accident. The judge rules that Smith’s act wasn’t a proximate cause of the accident, however. Several other defendants are involved. The plaintiff obtains a judgment for $10,000. Which of the following statements is correct?

A. The plaintiff can’t recover from Smith.

B. The plaintiff will recover that portion of the $10,000 from Smith equal to Smith’s percentage of responsibility for the accident.

C. Under the doctrine of joint and several liability, the plaintiff can make Smith pay the whole $10,000.

D. The judge made an error. Proximate cause is a legislative issue, not a matter for judges or juries to decide.

 

2. You’re seen running from a jewelry store that has just been robbed. The jeweler gives chase and just as he catches up with you, you throw a bag into the river. The jeweler performs a citizen’s arrest and holds you until the police arrive. Because the bag in the river was never found, at trial you’re declared “not guilty.” You sue the jeweler. What is the likely outcome?

A. You lose. There’s no tort that protects people from being confined unfairly.

B. You win because there was no basis to suspect you of stealing.

C. You lose because your detention was reasonable. There was a real basis for suspecting you of the crime.

D. You lose. Shop owners can hold anyone they want if they suspect them of stealing.

 

3. A broker told you the size of the grass area of the yard of the house you bought was 6,000 square feet. However, the grass covered only 5,000 square feet. The lawn size meant nothing to

you; you didn’t want a big yard anyway because you hated mowing. You liked the house because it was near a mall and good schools. But after buying the house, you realized that the

floor plan was terrible and you wanted out. You sue the broker for misrepresentation concerning the yard.

A. You don’t win because the misrepresentation didn’t actually mislead you in a way that caused harm. The element of  causation of the harm was lacking.

B. You don’t win because the broker was only reckless in  coming up with that footage figure, and didn’t intentionally lie.

C. You win because brokers are agents and should be punished for any misrepresentation, even done in good faith.

D. You win because the misrepresentation was about something important

 

4. Your friend from Australia visits. You invite him to a hockey game. “What’s hockey, mate?”

he asks. Only a few minutes into the game he sees a hockey puck coming straight at him. Your friend has had a few beers and fails to duck and is knocked unconscious. He sues the hockey team. Which is the better defense for the team?

A. Assumption of risk

B. Contributory/comparative negligence

C. Sovereign immunity

D. Failure to mitigate

 

A Personal Story

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Please read the transcript and answer three questions. Need this back today in a few hours.

I am a licensed clinical social worker, and I am on the faculty of Excelsior College, School of Health Sciences.
I have worked closely with people suffering from post traumatic stress syndrome for over 15 years in both individual therapeutic settings as well as critical incident debriefings.  I am quite grateful today to have the opportunity to talk with a special guest.
Our special guest is an individual, who has experienced PTSD herself, and she will remain anonymous in terms of identifying information but she has graciously agreed to talk with us about her experiences.
So, let’s get started:
Thank you so much for talking with us today.

J: You’re welcome.

CO: I am sure students would be interested in hearing a little about why, what’s your interest in PTSD and why you agreed to volunteer and take some time to talk with us.

J: Well, when I went through it I did not even know that such a thing existed.  It is only in hindsight that I know it was PTSD.  I think if we bring awareness to things it is helpful to anybody who can listen to us.

CO: I would agree with you, and I think that really sums up very nicely a lot of the reasons that we developed this course.
I’m curious: You said that you really weren’t aware of it at the time.  Did you have any general awareness about post traumatic stress?

J: No, I did not.  I just thought I was losing my mind.  Being able to just get up and put one foot in front of the other was a very difficult thing.

CO: Which is very classic, it sounds like very classic symptoms of someone who’s really been hit with that debilitating, or this, debilitating disease and issues.
I guess rather than me continue to ask a lot of pointed questions at this point, if you wouldn’t mind, could you share with us a little bit of your story and a little bit about what happened leading up to the PTSD and when you finally did recognize something was wrong?

J: In 2002 [sic], my husband of 28 years tried to commit suicide for the first time, and he continued to try different methods until 2002 when he completed suicide [Editor’s Note: Suicide attempts began in 2000.].  And it is a very traumatic thing, not only for me, my family, my children; it is just a very stressful time.  I didn’t really know how to deal with it. And I was seeing a psychologist.  I was taking medication, something to help me sleep, something to help me get up in the morning and be alert.  But I found myself after a while, after several weeks, and I was driving up a one-way street the wrong way and I just started crying because I wasn’t really sure what I was going through … I knew what I going through, but I wasn’t sure how I was handling it.  And then I got more counseling.  I probably was in counseling for six months if not longer, and off medication, before I actually moved back to this area.  I was living in another state at the time; I moved back to this area, and I found the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention, and I got involved with that.  I did walks with them, my children got involved, and now I am an outreach volunteer.  I think the only reason I do it is it helps me heal, and it helps the people that I meet.

CO: I can only imagine, that is wonderful that you found a way to re-channel some of that grief and loss and all of the horror that you went through into helping other folks.  It has to have some really important healing qualities to it, I have to imagine.

J: Yes, it does.  When you meet other people that have been through the same thing, like I was saying earlier, it’s like a club that you don’t want to belong to, but you have a bond with all the people you meet, and that’s very helpful.

CO: Yes, it has to be. It is wonderful that you found that and you are contributing to it in the way that you are now.  So when you think back to the early stages, you experienced and lived through just a horror of a trauma that most people can’t even imagine, really; it sounded like there was maybe some, in terms of the impact on your emotional well-being, that the time leading up to your husband eventually completing a suicide was a factor.  It sounds like it was more than, the suicide sort of finished you off, in terms of a process.  Is that right?

J: Yes, that is correct.

CO: In that process, earlier before your husband’s suicide, did you realize you were beginning to deteriorate emotionally?

J: Yes, I did.

CO: You did, yeah.

J: Not only did I live with him, I worked for him.  So, I was with him all the time.  And there were days when I would go grocery shopping and come home and wonder if he was still going to be alive in the house.  It went on like that for almost two years.  And that was very difficult.

CO: Wow.  It is.  And like I said, for anyone who hasn’t lived anything like that, you can’t even really completely imagine it.  You talked a little about it, at one point realizing you were driving down a one-way street the wrong way.  Can you talk a little bit more about some of the other symptoms in the time period leading up to his eventual suicide?  Were you sleep disrupted; were you anxious all the time?

J:  I was sleep disrupted.  I wasn’t anxious all the time; I was anxious a lot of the time.  I didn’t sleep well at night because it was like waiting for the other shoe to drop.

CO: So, not real restful sleep as a general rule.

J: Yes, correct.

CO: Yeah, OK.  Can you pinpoint, do you think, where you realized or you began to have this awareness that, ‘Gosh, I think am suffering with symptoms of PTSD.’?

J: I was actually, prior to him committing suicide, I was in counseling between the first time he tried it and then after he succeeded, I was in counseling for a very long time, and I think that was helpful.  But I knew, I used to walk around with an 800 number in case I needed to get out of the house because many times it becomes, a suicide is a homicide.  There is a homicide attached to it.  And that was very stressful, walking around with this number just in case I needed to get out of the house in a hurry.

CO: Yeah, I can only imagine that has to be difficult and wear on you.
Was it hard to find help? It sounds like you got counseling early and then you continued to get some more help later. Was it difficult to find resources?

J: Actually it wasn’t.  He was a doctor.  So, through people I knew and people that knew of the situation, they reached out to me, they decided, or suggested, I get counseling.  So I had counseling for a long time.
And I think if you didn’t, if I didn’t, I don’t know where I would be now emotionally.

CO: That is a really important point that you just raised, which is a lot of what I see in the folks that I work with and the families I work with.  I work in rural social work.  The folks that I work with are all in small towns and a lot of them are very isolated and folks usually don’t have much a sense, first of all, that they are at a point that they need help, and second of all, where to even go or how to get it even if they needed it. So, it sounds like you had a little bit of help there in the sense of being married to a professional — a doctor — and having folks who recognized that you needed to get some help.

J: Prior to this, we had a patient, a husband and wife where the husband tried to commit suicide, and I got involved in that, and I actually found help for the wife.  So it was, I don’t know if it was meant to be or I don’t know, but that helped a lot.

CO: OK, that makes sense.  So when the, sort of the other side of the, if we go from the build up to realizing you had such emotional and psychological damage from all this, which only makes sense, anyone who went through something like that would, so now you are in this process, it is a journey, I’m sure, it’s not one stop, where you’re volunteering, you’re helping, you’re doing .something.  How are your symptoms? Would you say your symptoms peaked at some point and you’re now, I don’t know, 50 percent better than you were at your worst point?

J: Yes, my symptoms did peak. I think I peaked when he committed suicide.

CO: OK, I was wondering about that.  Thank you for saying that.  That was sort of like the climactic moment for you in this big build up?

J: Yes, it was. It was.

CO: So, what’s helped you, what’s helped you heal and take this journey of recovery instead of just kind of collapsing and giving up?

J: Well, like I said, I was on medication, and I was going to counseling.  It was counseling one-on-one.  And then joining and becoming a member, not a member, but joining the, I was actually on the board for the Suicide Foundation for a while but then it was too much, too many meetings, too much, and now I just volunteer, and that’s good because when I talk to people it’s helping me heal.  And I don’t think I’m completely healed, it is a very long journey; I don’t think I have completely healed, but I can deal with it, and I am in a better place in my life than I was before.

CO: OK, well, that is wonderful to hear.  Thank you.
Is there anything that you think that’s important for us to know, for students to know, for any of us to know about anyone in similar circumstances whether it may not be a suicide, but it may be some other tragedy or traumatic event that just leaves somebody really in rough…

J: I think you need to reach out.  

CO: OK.

J: I don’t know if it’s just for professionals, from professionals, or people who are going through what you are going through, if you reach out to each other, it’s very comforting, and I think that helps a lot.  Because when you are going through this you think you’re the only one going through it, and you don’t realize how many people out there are going through the same thing or a very similar thing.

CO: That is so, I am so glad you said that because that is so common for this type of distressing emotional impacts on an individual, on a person or a family, and it is for all — almost all — really all the different types of emotional health and mental health wellness kinds of issues.

J: Yes, it is

CO: Did you in your own journey and in now the work that you are doing with others, are you finding any amount of stigma? Do you find that some people …

J: There is a lot of stigma attached to it, and I don’t think that is a good thing.  I know when I was growing up if anybody that we knew committed suicide it was a big secret.  Even years ago, cancer was a big secret.  We didn’t talk about it.  And the more we talk about it, the more we can help.

CO: Right.  I thank you for stressing that.  I think that’s a wonderful thing for all of us who participate in this video or listen to this and watch this video to take away and just really hang on to, and you brought it up in a number of different ways to, to reach out and to connect are so important.
Is there anything else that you would like to share?  Is there anything that I haven’t asked about that you think is really an important part of this?

J: I really can’t think of anything.  Can you?

CO: No.  It has been really very helpful for me to hear because we in, throughout this course students are looking at post traumatic stress from a variety of different standpoints: They’re looking at what creates it, what is it, what are the symptoms, and then what can you do about it, and you touched on all of those, and I really appreciate that.  Thank you.

J: You’re welcome.  I just think that you are not alone and the sooner you realize that the sooner you can get help.

CO: My last question was, ‘What would you like to leave us with?’  That’s it; that’s beautiful. So thank you very much.  I appreciate it.  I really appreciate you taking the time.  It has been really nice to talk.

J: You’re welcome very much.

  • What symptoms of PTSD did “Jenny” experience?
  • What actions did “Jenny” and others take that reflected resilience? Was there more that could have been done? Please provide specific examples.
  • What factors (e.g. internal, familial, environmental, cultural) promote – or hinder – healing for people who have endured either ongoing trauma or one-time traumatizing events? 

Multiple choice

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1. ROI is the organization’s 

return on interest.

return on innovation.

return on investment.

return on intangible assets.

 

2. Which of the following activities would NOT fall into the risk management function of HR? 

Sending all employees a text message requiring them to report in to a designated individual after an earthquake affects the city in which the company’s plant is located.

Negotiating with a representative of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) about appropriateness of a measure to reduce harmful gases in a mine.

Requiring employees to purchase a minimal level of life insurance when they are deployed overseas.

Designing policies and procedures for a shipping firm to handle episodes of piracy and employee hostage-taking..

 

3. Back roads Merchandise, an Oklahoma-based manufacturer of outdoors and sports products, is facing a pronounced downturn in business due to lower-priced products from foreign competitors. Top management is concerned that this will be a permanent or long-term problem and they have decided to reduce the number of employees. The CEO has conferred with the director of HR to learn which method of reducing the workforce will be received better by both the employees leaving and the employees remaining behind. The CEO also wishes to minimize the cost of the reduction process. The director of HR has suggested the use of 

layoffs with the option of re-hire when business revives.

voluntary separations with severance.

greater use of contingent workers.

attrition combined with a hiring freeze.

 

4. Bob is a retired engineer who works part-time as sales staff at a “big box” home center. The store manager refers to Bob as “Grandpa Bob.”

A modeling agency has sent an 52-year-old man to pose for a photo shoot for a teen-oriented product line. The shoot director was over heard to say on the phone, “What were you thinking? I gave you our target customer profile!”

When James was sent to classes to update his computer skills, his supervisor commented that she was sure “old dogs could learn new tricks.”

The HR managers at a non-profit organization refer to the informal policy of laying off the most senior and highly-paid employees first as the “age before beauty” policy.