RESPOND TO THE BELOW (minimum 100 WORDS) – 

Use this reference also: Appelrouth, S., & Edles, L. D. (2010). Sociological Theory in the Contemporary Era: Text and Readings (2 ed.). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.

in response to the below do at least ONE of these:  offering advice or strategy; posing a question and providing an alternative point-of-view, 

Forum to reply to: 

Alfred Schutz concept of stocks of knowledge is what is obtained by biographical and subjective experiences and stored as recipes for easy access in order to use proper typifications in different social situations in everyday life. These daily experiences are the basis for “rules for interpreting interactions, social relationships, organizations, institutions, and the physical world” (Appelrouth & Edles, 2010, p. 265). These stocks of knowledge allow us to act automatically to everyday interactions. People are able to quickly understand their role, environment, and social situation and determine how they should act and respond based off of their understood sustained meaning. Schutz said that people live in their own lifeworld made up of meaningful objects and relations that are taken-for-granted but are varied by individual prejudices and interpretations (Appelrouth & Edles, 2010, p. 264).

My own stock of knowledge pertaining to marriage in modern American society comes from my personal experiences with or understanding of the relationships of my parents, my parent’s parents, friend’s, friend’s parents, my husband’s parents, my husband’s siblings, and most importantly my own marriage. I have I obtained this knowledge by observing, asking questions, living through, or subsequently being around these relationships. I have also observed those relationships of celebrities, politicians, or other persons in the lime light, as well as, fictional marriages from books, movies, and television programs as they depict their own version of marriage. I use this stock of knowledge to navigate and support my marriage to the best of my ability. Every day I knowingly and sometimes unknowingly compare what my husband or I am doing right or wrong to what I believe to be right and wrong in the many aspects of marriage from finances, communication, religion, discipline of children, running the household, and so on. I continually use what I have accumulated as meaningful to my marriage and apply it accordingly, which most often comes from those real personal relationships that have been long lasting, and therefore hold more meaning in the area of marriage. 

Reference

Appelrouth, S., & Edles, L. D. (2010). Sociological Theory in the Contemporary Era: Text and Readings. (2nd Ed). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.

 

Your supervisor has asked to you write a brief email on the vacation policy changes to be distributed to staff. You will need to listen to a voice mail (AT THE ATTACHED) from your supervisor with instructions on how to create the email to announce the new vacation policy. The voice mail will include specific details that must be followed in creating the email. This audio voice mail can be found in your course shell.

Create an email message in which you:

1. Listen to your supervisor’s voice mail here. ( AT THE ATTACHED)
2. Create a one to two (1-2) paragraph email with five to seven (5-7) sentences that follows your supervisor’s instructions.  
3. Target the appropriate professional audience.
4. Use appropriate language for professional audience.
5. Use correct email formatting.
6. Follow appropriate netiquette rules for electronic communication.
7. Meet the 250-to-500-word minimum requirement.
8. Use correct sentence mechanics, grammar, spelling, punctuation, and style.

Your assignment must follow these APA formatting requirements:

• Be typed, single-spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with 1-inch margins on all sides. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
• Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page is not included in the required length.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

• Demonstrate understanding of the basic fundamentals of communication.
• Develop and practice communication skills, including skills in verbal, nonverbal, listening, writing, interpersonal, perception, and critical thinking as appropriate for the audience.
• Use various electronic communication platforms in their academic and professional work.
• Relate to the interpersonal and organizational dynamics that affect communication in organizations.
• Analyze and assess effective communication.
• Use correct sentence mechanics, grammar, spelling, punctuation, and style.
• Use technology and information resources to research issues in communications.
• Write clearly and concisely about communications using proper writing mechanics.

1) The form of alternative dispute resolution wherein the parties hire someone to review the evidence and make a decision that is binding upon the parties is called

A. negotiation

B. settlement conference

C. conciliation

D. arbitration

 

 

2) The Federal Trade Commission is an example of

A. a federal agency created by the federal government

B. a corporation subsidized by the federal government

C. a branch of the U.S. Supreme Court

D. a temporary commission created by executive order that has become permanent

 

 

3) A corporation is considered a citizen of what state?

A. The state where the majority of the employees live

B. It is not a citizen because it is a business

C. The state where it filed its Articles of Incorporation

D. The state where the president of the corporation lives

 

 

4) The Federal False Claims Act is also known as

A. the Sarbanes-Oxley Act

B. the Whistleblower Statute

C. the Statute of Frauds

D. the Statute of Limitations

 

 

5) Utilitarianism is a moral theory, which states

A. ethics requires a decision-maker to take actions which result in the greatest good to society

B. ethics requires following the Golden Rule (do unto others as you would have them do unto you)

C. ethics requires actions which use the most efficient tools

D. ethics requires acting according to the Bible or some outside source

 

 

6) Which of the following statements is true?

A. If something is legal, it is always ethical

B. Practices that are legal in the United States are legal everywhere in the world

C. Practices that are ethical in the United States are considered ethical everywhere else in the world

D. A course of action can be legal but not ethical

 

 

7) If a defendant files a motion for summary judgment in a civil case, what is the defendant saying?

A. That the plaintiff’s claims are false

B. That the court has no jurisdiction to decide the case

C. That the case is ready to go to the jury

D. That even if what the plaintiff says is true, there is no basis for judgment against the defendant

 

 

8) A defendant fails to answer a civil lawsuit, what is likely to happen?     

A. A court will contact the defendant and ask him to answer the lawsuit

B. The court will grant a default judgment against the defendant

C. The case will be appealed before the court makes a ruling

D. The court will order that the defendant go to jail until he or she agrees to answer

 

 

9) The legal authority of a court to make orders that are binding upon the parties is called

A. in rem jurisdiction

B. personal jurisdiction

C. quasi in rem jurisdiction

D. enumerated jurisdiction

 

 

10) Harry Hoosier, an Indiana resident, drives his family to Florida for spring vacation. When he is at a red light, Freddie Floridian, a Florida resident, is unable to stop in time and his vehicle impacts Harry’s car from the rear. No one is hurt and Harry’s vehicle suffers approximately $10,000 in damages. Which is correct?

A. Harry can sue Freddie in federal court in Florida but not in Indiana

B. Harry can sue Freddie in state court in Florida or Indiana

C. Harry can sue Freddie in state court but not federal court in Florida but not in Indiana

D. Harry can sue Freddie in state court but not federal court in Florida or Indiana

 

 

11) Monica owed Bob $500 for a business investment, which was more than a year overdue. Bob got drunk at a party and told everyone that Monica had owed him $500 for over a year. Can Monica recover from Bob for defamation?

 A. Yes, because Bob abused his conditional privilege.

 B. No, because Bob was telling the truth.

 C. Yes, because Bob communicated the statement to third persons.

 D. No, because Bob had been drinking.

 

 

12) What is the definition of a tort?

 A. Any violation of an ethical duty

 B. Any crime or misdemeanor

 C. Any action done in violation of a prior agreement, which allows the victim to recover damages

 D. Any civil wrong that allows the injured person to recover damages

 

 

13) Pete and Vicky make the following agreement: Pete promises he will go into a store, buy something for $5, and pay for it with a $100 bill on which he has written “Happy Birthday Vicky!” Vicky promises that after Pete collects his change and leaves the store, she will go into the same store, buy something that costs $5, and pay with a $10 bill. When the clerk attempts to give her change for $10, Vicky will claim that the $100 bill that is in the cash register was money she just received for her birthday, and will demand change from a $100 bill. Then Pete and Vicky will split the extra money they think Vicky will receive in change. Is this a valid contract?

 A. This is a valid contract. There was a promise in exchange for a promise, and both parties got what they wanted.

 B. This is a void contract, because the parties agreed to commit fraud.

C. This is a voidable contract because Vicky can change her mind.

 D. This is not an enforceable contract because the agreement is not in writing.

 

 

14) An easement can be defined as

 A. a limited right to use another person’s land for a specified purpose

 B. a relaxation of the borderlines between two parcels of land

 C. a life estate in the property of another

 D. an option to purchase the land of another

 

 

15) Huey, Dewey, and Louie own a building as tenants in common. Huey lives in the building. Without consulting the other two owners, Dewey deeds his interest in the building to Joe. What will be the outcome of this situation?

 A. Huey, Louie, and now Joe will own the property as tenants in common.

 B. Huey and Louie will still own the property as tenants in common, but Joe will have a reversionary interest.

 C. The transfer of the interest to Joe will be ineffective because the other two did not consent.

 D. Joe will make Huey pay rent.

 

 

16) Which of the following best describes the benefits of a limited liability company (LLC)?

 A. LLC managers are not personally liable for debts, obligations, and liabilities of the LLC.

 B. LLCs have limited duration.

 C. Documents do not have to be filed with the state to create an LLC.

 D. LLCs are automatically taxed like corporations.

 

 

17) Which of the following is true when a general partnership is converted to an LLC?

 A. The property must be sold to a third party who then immediately sells it to the LLC.

 B. The conversion can be made retroactive for up to 2 years.

 C. The profit and loss sharing terms must remain the same as they were in the partnership.

 D. The general partners will retain unlimited personal liability for obligations incurred while the business was a partnership.

 

 

18) In the Northeast Ethanol, LLC case, the court pierced the defendant’s corporate veil after determining that

 A. the plaintiffs could not find financing to build the ethanol plant

 B. the defendant’s shareholder used the corporation to perpetrate fraud

 C. the ethanol plant was an unwise investment, against the best interest of the parties

 D. the plaintiff’s corporate directors were engaging in ultra vires activities

 

 

19) Which comment best describes the alter-ego doctrine in corporate law?

 A. A corporation automatically becomes the alter ego of its shareholders

 B. The president is the sole decision maker of a corporation

 C. The board of directors is the alter ego of a corporation

 D. Protection from personal shareholder liability can be forfeited if corporate formalities are not observed

 

 

20) If a corporation is properly incorporated in one state and wants authority to do business in second state, the corporation typically must

 A. re-incorporate in the second state

 B. do nothing because being incorporated in one state automatically entitles the corporation to do business in all states

 C. register with the Interstate Commerce Commission as an alien corporation

 D. obtain a certificate of authority from the second state

 

 

21) The DEF Corporation is incorporated in Texas. It wishes to do business in Oklahoma. Before DEF can legally do businesses in Oklahoma, which of the following must it do?

 A. Nothing; DEF automatically has constitutional rights to do business in Oklahoma.

 B. DEF must incorporate in Oklahoma.

 C. DEF must qualify (register) to do business in Oklahoma.

 D. DEF must domicile itself in Oklahoma.

 

 

22) What types of business can be converted to an LLC?

 A. General partnerships only

 B. General partnerships and limited partnerships only

 C. Corporations and limited partnerships only

 D. Corporations, general partnerships, and limited partnerships

 

 

23) Which of the following best describes the status of the employment at-will doctrine in the United States today? bus 415 final exam

 A. It applies in most states to most employment relationships, but there are many exceptions that limit its application.

 B. It applies more today than in the last century, and the quantity of corporate layoffs is evidence of this.

 C. It today applies only to the employer, although in the past it applied to both the employee and employer.

 D. It still applies today, but only to employees who are expressly told that they are an at-will employee when they are hired.

 

 

24) Which of the following rejected applicants may have a valid claim for discriminatory hiring practices?

 A. A public health service did not hire a registered nurse because his shaking hands prevented him from administering injections.

 B. A Catholic school did not hire a teacher because he was not Catholic.

 C. A trucking company did not hire a truck driver because she was pregnant.

 D. A university did not hire a 22-year-old woman to be a director of faculty because she was too young.

 

 

25) Which of the following people is protected from employment discrimination on the basis of age?

 A. A 90-year-old person who wants a job as an airline pilot

 B. A 50-year-old person who wants a job as an accountant

 C. A 30-year-old person who wants a job as a waitress

 D. A 10-year-old person who wants a job as a bartender

 

 

26) Marie works as a receptionist for a plumbing company. She works from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. Monday through Friday. BUS415 Final Exam She earns $12 per hour, and is told how to do her job and what she should be working on at any particular time. Her boss does not withhold any taxes from her paycheck. Which of the following is true?

 A. Marie would be treated as an employee because she is paid for the work that she does.

 B. Marie would be treated as an employee because of the control exercised by the plumbing company over her work.

 C. Marie would be treated as an independent contractor because she is paid hourly.

 D. Marie would be treated as an independent contractor because the employer doesn’t take any taxes out of her check.

 

 

27) Company employee handbooks have been found in some cases to amount to a(n) ______________ exception to the employment at will doctrine.

 A. apparent

 B. tort

 C. public policy

 D. implied contract

 

 

28) Which of the following is a correct statement of the requirements for a Bona Fide Occupational Qualification (BFOQ)?

 A. The occupational qualification is job-related and cost-effective.

 B. The occupational qualification is job-related and nondiscriminatory.

 C. The occupational qualification is job-related and is a business necessity.

 D. The occupational qualification is rationally based and evenly applied.

 

 

29) What federal legal protection is there with respect to trade secrets?

 A. Trade secrets are protected under the federal patent laws.

 B. Trade secrets are protected under the federal copyright laws.

 C. Trade secrets are protected under the Trade Secret Protection Act of 1952.

 D. Trade secrets are protected under the Economic Espionage Act of 1996.

 

 

30) Which of the following is true about misappropriation of trade secrets?

 A. Although it is not necessary that the trade secret be patented, the secret must be such that it could be patented.

 B. Trade secrets are always protected regardless of the actions of the trade secret owner.

 C. The plaintiff can recover damages from theft of a trade secret only if the defendant acquired the trade secret through unlawful means.

 D. Injunctions are generally not available to protect trade secrets.

 

 

Use the Internet to research one (1) developing nation of your choice. Your research should include an examination of the effects that war and peace have on the distribution of foreign aid, as well as the material covered by the Webtext and lectures in Weeks 1 through 3.

Write a three to four (3-4) page research paper in which you:

1. Assess the positive and negative effects that peace and war, respectively, have on the distribution of foreign aid in the developing country that you have selected. Support your response with concrete examples of each of the results that you have cited.
2. Analyze the specific actions that the leadership of the selected country has taken, through the use of its foreign aid from donor nations and international lending institutions, to relieve the severe problems caused by warfare.
3. Discuss whether or not the extension of foreign aid has successfully reduced poverty and the incidence of warfare in the selected country. Support your response with examples.
4. Use at least five (5) quality academic resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia, blogs, and other nonacademic websites do not qualify as academic resources. Approval of resources is at the instructor’s discretion. Resources must also be within the last seven (7) years.  

When referencing the selected resources, please use the following format: 

• Webtext Format:
• • Name of the author. Name of title. Retrieved from website url.
  • • Example:

Soomo. Understanding Development [Webtext]. Retrieved from http://www.webtexts.com/courses/9218-cathey.

• Lecture Format:
• • Name of the Author. Name of the lecture [lecture type]. Retrieved from lecture url.
  • • Example:

Strayer University. (2013). Understanding Development [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from /bbcswebdav/institution/SOC/300/1136/Week1/lecture/story.html.

• Internet Resources:
• • Author’s Name. (Date of publication). Title of the resource. Retrieved from website url.
  • • Example:

Wuestewald, Eric. (2014). Portraits of people living on a dollar a day. Retrieved from http://www.motherjones.com/mixed-media/2014/04/living-on-a-dollar-a-day-photos-renee-byer-thomas-nazario.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

• Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
• Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

• Analyze how funding in the form of aid, investment, and loans moves from industrialized nations to the developing world to alleviate the problems caused by warfare.
• Use technology and information resources to research issues in sociology of developing countries.
• Write clearly and concisely about sociology of developing countries using proper writing mechanics.