We have all seen the commercials and advertisements for “probiotics” to improve our health and treat diseases, such as diabetes, irritable bowel syndrome, arthritis, and even cancers and obesity. Web-based testimonials and claims of “scientific” reports have built probiotic consumption into a multi-billion dollar industry in the U.S. and other westernized countries. But are these products really supplying us with any measurable health benefit? What do the scientists have to say, based on their research?

Completing this activity will assist you in mastering Module Level Outcomes 1 and 2.

First:

Be sure you have read these materials:

• Wood, M. (2014) Do Probiotics Work? (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Science Life, University of Chicago, Medicine and Biological Sciences
• Probiotics Pros and Cons (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site., Berkeley Wellness, University of California, 2014
• Probiotics: In Depth (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site., National Institute of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Medicine
• Christensen, N. B., Byrup, T., Allin, K. H., Nielsen, T., Hansen, T. H., & Pedersen, O. (2016). Alterations in fecal microbiota composition by probiotic supplementation in healthy adults: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. Genome Medicine, V8, Issue 52.
  • You are required to read the Abstract, which includes abbreviated Background/Methods/Results/Conclusions, but you also might want to look over the full-length Background and Conclusion sections.

Recall from Module 1:

• Achenbach, J. (2015). National Geographic, V227. Achenbach, J. (2015, 03). The age of disbelief (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. National Geographic, 227, 31-32, 34-37, 39-42, 44-47.

In this Module 1 reading by Joel Achenbach, recall that we learned about:

• “Confirmation bias”: when we tend to select for information that supports our currently held beliefs
• Pressure from advertising that indicates our “tribe” believes this and does this, so we should believe and do this, as well
• The tendency to have a strong attachment to anecdotes instead of research results based on statistics that may seem counterintuitive

In this discussion, we will test Achenbach’s hypotheses by collecting our own data on why some people believe that probiotics, as incorporated into our food or sold as supplements, are an important component of a healthy lifestyle.

Next:

Conduct a poll of your family, friends, and/or co-workers (try to interview at least 3 people who answer yes to the first question), asking them these questions:

1. Do you regularly take or use any probiotic supplement products, such as capsules or yogurts, etc.?
2. If you do, what particular health benefit do you think you are getting from this product?
3. If not, why don’t you use these supplements?
4. If I told you that all the scientific research to date shows no added health benefit of any kind for these probiotic products for the average healthy person, would you continue to use them? Why or why not?

Finally, submit as your initial post:

Write a summary report of your findings. Be sure to include:

1. How many people you interviewed. Of this number, how many did and did not use probiotics? Include a percentage for each of these numbers.
2. What were the main reasons cited for probiotic use?
3. What were the main reasons provided for not using probiotics?
4. What was the response to item “d” about the scientific research on probiotics? Would people change their behavior, why or why not?
5. Does your data align with Achenbach’s claims about human behavior? Why or why not?

The final question (#5) should be the focus of your discussion with your classmates.

Your initial post responding to this assignment should be no shorter than 250 words. Include both in-text citations and complete APA style references for all the sources you used to inform your work. Once you have posted your own discussion response, you are required to comment on the posts of at least two of your classmates. You can agree or disagree with their posts, but you must explain why you have chosen to do so. Also, be sure to read the feedback on your own major postings and reply to it throughout the module.

Always be sure that your posts are respectful, polite, and considerate. if you have any questions or concerns.

You are also encouraged to do your own research through our library on the topic. Do not forget to include in-text citations and complete APA style references for all sources.

1 Using the health issue you identified in your epidemiological analysis (shown below labeled as unit 2), identify at least 5 risk factors associated with your that health issue.

2 Using the risk factors associated with your health issue, write 1-2 program goals and 3-5 objectives for each goal.

3 For each of your program objectives, please identify an educational intervention you would use to address the objective. Explain in detail what you would do, all learning activities and information presented must be cited. If you plan to conduct an educational presentation, please put it in PowerPoint format. Everything else can be explained within a MS Word document.

4 Identify which health promotion behavioral theory you would base your program on and explain why.

Unit 2 health issues 

Chronic diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and death in union County Georgia.  Some of the chronic diseases that lead in death rates include heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases. Obesity is a serious health concern the increases the risk of other chronic diseases (CHRR, 2014). A good proportion of UCG’s population is obese with about 30% of adults 18 years and older being obese and about 12% of high school student aged between 14-18 years. Among the chronic diseases, cardiovascular disease was the leading cause of death accounting for about 35% of all deaths in Union County Georgia. Death rates resulting from cardiovascular disease were high among men than among women and higher for blacks than for whites (CHRR, 2014). Most of those who died from these diseases were also below the age of 65. Generally speaking of all the chronic diseases then females were likely to suffer more than one chronic disease than the males. Adults with public health insurance were also more likely to suffer one or more of the chronic diseases.

Most of the chronic diseases are caused by lifestyle people choose to live or by their preferred diets. Diet and eating habit are risk factors for most of these chronic diseases and therefore must be looked into. Taking obesity and stroke for instance, they are both caused by taking high fat foods and lack of physical exercise (OMMQT, 2014). High fat foods are usually cheap and readily available thus the habit of taking high fat foods often can be attributed to laziness or low socio economic status to afford the healthy food on a daily basis. Smoking lack of physical exercise, poor eating habits, obesity and diabetes are all risk factors for most of the chronic diseases which results in death and morbidity. Some of the cardiovascular diseases that often lead to hospitalization include heart disease, type II diabetes and stroke with heart disease being the reason for a majority of chronic diseases admissions.

Cancer is also a major cause of death in Union County Georgia and is among the chronic diseases. Cancer is caused by so many factors but still diet comes in among the many factors some of which include the genetics. Among the residents of Georgia there are about 100 new diagnosis of cancer reported daily with the exception of skin cancer and carcinoma. Prostate cancer among men and breast cancer in women are the leading types of cancer diagnosed in this community (UCB, 2014). Leukemia cases are the least heard of though they also exist among the residents here.

Health Needs Assessment in Union County Georgia

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Union County Georgia after heart disease.  The burden associated with cancer can be used by appropriately using mammography, colorectal screening and early detection examinations. Most residents are unable to access the health facilities for early detection examination because they lack medical cover and are publicly insured only for some diseases excluding most of the chronic diseases. Cancer can however be prevented by reducing or stopping tobacco use, improving diet and increasing physical activity. The community should come up with ways that can help them identify the actual causes of death in order to implement plans to prevent the disease, and also identify the modifiable factors that can be modified to reduce the likelihood of occurrence of the disease. The community needs more education on cancer causes and screening methods. There is need to check the chemical content in the air to ensure that the air is safe for the residents. Chemical emissions into the air can be cancerous to the residents therefore the amount of chemicals emitted should always be regulated. Lower rates of screening as a measure for early detection of cancer can be explained by the fact that very few residents of Georgia are able access insurance. The community should put in some more effort to ensure that insurance is available for all the residents.

Heart disease and cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of death and often affects adults aged 65 years and older. Cardiovascular diseases can result from modifiable risk factors such as high blood pressure, tobacco smoking, poor nutrition and obesity among others that can be impacted by the community outreach healthcare programs that focus on prevention and detection. There is need for more education and community awareness as it regards some of the risk factors related heart disease, stroke and other chronic diseases. Diseases like obesity and diabetes can also be controlled at the community level by ensuring that the high fat foods are not readily distributed in the community. Community members should join hand to promote healthy diet by advocating for healthy foods other than the high fat and high cholesterol foods.

Educational Program or Curriculum Development

Setting: Arizona State University

Proposed program/curriculum: Doctor in Nursing Science (DNSc)

You will select the overarching philosophies, theories, and frameworks that will shape your curriculum. In addition, you will create the end-of-program learning objectives that will define the components and structure of the courses within your curriculum

In previous weeks, you explored various body systems: cardiovascular, respiratory, nervous, endocrine, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, and hematological. These seven systems work together, along with other body systems, to complete a myriad of functions. For this reason, when disorders occur within one body system, they can create potentially devastating effects throughout the entire body. For instance, Parkinson’s disease is a disorder of the central nervous system, yet its alterations actually affect multiple body systems, from the cardiovascular system to the gastrointestinal system. In this Assignment, you examine alterations associated with disorders, as well as the impact of the alterations on multiple body systems.

To prepare:

·         From the list below, select a disorder of interest to you:

o    Alzheimer’s disease

o    Asthma in children

o    Congestive heart failure

o    Hepatic disease (liver disease)

o    Hypertension

o    Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism

o    Seizures

o    Sepsis

   Reflect on alterations associated with the disorder you selected. Consider the pathophysiology of the alterations. Think about how these alterations produce pathophysiological changes in at least two body systems.

   Think about the types of drugs that would be used to treat alterations associated with the disorder you selected.

   Reflect on how patient factors, such as genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, and behavior might impact the pathophysiology of the alterations you identified. Then, consider how these factors might impact the effects of prescribed drugs, as well as measures you might take to help reduce any negative side effects.

   Locate an agency that provides patient education on your selected disorder and review the available materials and curriculum. Consider how you might be able to use those materials to educate a patient on the disorder, treatment options, management, and self-care.

To complete:

Develop a 5- to 10-slide PowerPoint Presentation that addresses the following:

·         Describe the disorder you selected, as well as associated alterations. Explain the pathophysiology of the alterations, including changes that occur in at least two body systems.

·         Describe the types of drugs that would be prescribed to treat alterations associated with the disorder.

·         Explain how genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, and behavior might impact the pathophysiology of the alterations you identified and the effects of prescribed drugs.  Then, describe measures you might take to help reduce any negative side effects.

·         Explain how you would use materials from a supporting agency to educate patients on the disorder, treatment options, management, and self-care.

• References (at least 5 credible resources between 2011 and 2016)

Readings

·         Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2012). Understanding pathophysiology (Laureate custom ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.

o    Chapter 28, “Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems”

This chapter introduces the structure and function of the renal and urologic systems. It covers renal blood flow, kidney function, and tests for renal and bladder function.

o    Chapter 29, “Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function”

This chapter examines alterations of the renal and urinary tract function, including urinary tract obstruction, urinary tract infection, acute kidney injury, and chronic kidney disease. It focuses on the pathophysiology, clinical manifestation, evaluation, and treatment of those renal and urinary tract alterations.

o    Chapter 30, “Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children”

This chapter presents alterations of renal and urinary tract function that are common in children. These alterations include structural abnormalities, bladder disorders, nephroblastoma, and urinary incontinence.

   Poole Arcangelo, V., & Peterson, A. M. (Eds.). (2013). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (3rd ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.  

o    Chapter 32, “Urinary Tract Infection” 

This chapter covers drugs used to treat urinary tract infections. It also identifies special considerations when treating geriatric patients, pediatric patients, and women.

   Drugs.com. (2012). Retrieved from www.drugs.com 

This website presents a comprehensive review of prescription and over-the-counter drugs including information on common uses and potential side effects. It also provides updates relating to new drugs on the market, support from health professionals, and a drug-drug interactions checker.

·         Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). Retrieved August 10, 2012, fromhttp://www.cdc.gov

·         Haymarket Media, Inc. (2012). Monthly prescribing reference [Online database]. Retrieved fromhttp://www.empr.com/

·         Institute for Safe Medication Practices. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.ismp.org/

·         Medscape. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.medscape.com/

·         National Kidney Foundation. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.kidney.org/index.cfm

Project Deliverable 5: Capstone Final Project and Presentation

Due Week 10 and worth 180 points

Please do this paper on WALMART…I will do the power point presentation

This assignment consists of two (2) sections: a final capstone project plan and a closing process PowerPoint presentation. You must submit both sections as separate files for the completion of this assignment. Label each file name according to the section of the assignment it is written for. Section 1: Final Capstone Project Plan

You are now in the final stage of the capstone project development. All previous documentation should be combined into one (1) document that will serve as the statement of work for the project. Your goal is to have the CEO of your chosen company and his leadership team approve your strategy recommendations. The presentation should be very detailed in order to address potential concerns and provide support your recommendations. However, the executive team is only interested in a thirty (30) minute summation. Therefore, you also must create a compelling executive summary that is supported by your detail that convinces the executive team that it should move forward with your recommendation.

1. Develop a twenty to thirty (20-30) page project plan in which you:

a. Write a two to three (2-3) page executive summary in which you provide a high-level technical overview of your project where you address the following from the case study:

i. Strategy Development

ii. Innovation and Competitive Analysis

iii. Exploiting Innovation

iv. The Organization’s Response to Change

b. Combine all previous documentation for Project Deliverables 1-4 in which you provide all aspects of the strategic management process into the project plan.

c. Compile all the quality resources from the previous deliverables. Note: Wikipedia and similar Websites do not qualify as quality resources.

Section 2: Closing Process PowerPoint Presentation

In addition to your detailed executive summary, you must present your findings to the executive team and the venture capital group that along with the executive summary will convince everyone that your solution is optimal. Your PowerPoint must have speaker notes and these speaker notes must be written as if you were presenting this project to your client. A template is provided for your use. You can modify the template based on your professor’s instructions. Do not omit any information from the template because the information aligns with the rubric. Note: The template can be found here.

• 2. Prepare a nine to fifteen (9-15) slide presentation in which you:

a. Include a title slide and a slide in which you provide the purpose and objectives of the presentation.

b. Examine your chosen company’s competitive environment.

c. Determine your chosen company’s main strengths and weaknesses.

d. Determine and evaluate two to three (2-3) strategies to exploit its innovation breakthroughs.

e. Recommend a strategy for your chosen company.

f. Advise key strategic implementation approach.

g. Include a summation slide in which you provide the key takeaways for the CEO.

Your presentation must follow these formatting requirements:

• Use the PowerPoint presentation template that can be found in the online course shell. Your professor will inform you if the template can be modified.
• Provide a references slide. The Reference Slide must follow APA format. Create Speaker Notes to accompany each slide that emphasize and embellish the key points to the stakeholders. Please be clear and thorough as if you are actually presenting.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

• Demonstrate an understanding of the need for strategy and methods for developing a business strategy within an organization.
• Apply analytical, technical, and research skills to assess and measure the value of organizations.
• Examine competitive analysis strategies through the use of frameworks.
• Determine competitive advantage strategies that fit an organization.
• Assess methodologies and approaches to adapting organizations for the changing strategic environment.
• Analyze competitive forces across dynamic and mature environments.
• Assess value creation strategies by using a framework adaptable to the strategic environment (e.g., vertical integration, global strategy, and multinational corporation) that an organization operates in.
• Analyze strategies for exerting the internal leadership needed to drive the implementation of diversification and corporate strategic initiatives in order to improve operating excellence.
• Assess external growth strategies and the trends in strategic management in a competitive environment.
• Use technology and information resources to research issues related to business strategic management.
• Write clearly and concisely about topics related to business strategic management using proper writing mechanics and technical style conventions.