Philosophy

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Discovering Philosophy, Portfolio Edition

2nd Edition, 2008

ISBN 13: 9780132302128                                  

Thomas I. White -Prentice Hall                                                          Multiple Choice Questions

1. An Anthropomorphic account of reality explains things by appealing to cultural terms.

A. True

B. False

 

2. The philosophical tradition that Plato represents is called materialism.

A. True

B. False

 

3. David Hume dismisses such arguments about God’s existence from causality with the claim that the material universe itself might be a necessarily existent being, which means there is no need for a “first cause.”

A. True

B. False

 

4. Anselm’s discussion of the possibility of God’s existence relies on empirical evidence alone.

A. True

B. False

 

5. The Buddhist conception of the self is the source of the way the self is understood in Western philosophy.

A. True

B. False

 

6. Unlike Western religions, Buddhism emphasizes the importance of practicing meditation as an important way to foster spiritual development.

A. True

B. False

 

7. Imagine two twins. One gets onto a space ship and travels close to the speed of light for what the ship’s clocks record as a few months. The other twin remains on earth. When the space ship returns, there will be no difference in their ages.

A. True

B. False

 

8. Imagine that you are standing still, while a friend of yours is on a train heading north.

You see two lighter bolts strike the ground at the same instant – one to the north and the other to the south. Einstein would say that your friend on the train experiences things differently, seeing the northern bolt strike before the southern bolt.

A. True

B. False

 

9. Unlike Newton, Einstein believes that space is constant and absolute and cannot “bend.”

A. True

B. False

 

10. One of the philosophical implications of Newton’s view of the universe is that human actions are totally free.

A. True

B. False

 

11. If we combine the two perspectives represented by Kohlberg and Gilligan, the problem of the moral justification of an action becomes more difficult and involved.

A. True

B. False

12. In Perry’s final stage, “relativism,” we generally believe that truth is a function of cultural norms.

A. True

B. False

 

13. According to Gilligan, in the view of most women, “the moral person is one who can understand and act in accordance with philosophical principles such as Kant’s ‘categorical imperative’”

A. True

B. False

 

14. As far as the criteria for “personhood” are concerned, dolphins probably do possess “awareness” because the fact that they can be so easily trained shows that they are

aware of the external world and able to interact with it.

A. True

B. False

 

15. The fact that dolphins can perform leaps, dives and flips on cue from trainers: prove that dolphins are not intelligent enough to be persons, because persons would not perform such menial behaviors.

A. True

B. False

 

16. In terms of the criteria for personhood developed in this chapter, dolphins, on balance, did pretty well.

A. True

B. False

 

17. Dolphins live very solitary lives.

A. True

B. False

 

18. One reason for choosing dolphins for such an inquiry is that it lets us keep the concept “person” from being too heavily colored by the notion “human.” This is possible because there are substantial differences between humans and dolphins.

A. True

B. False

___________________________________END____________________________________

Unit 1: Unit 1: Drug Use in Society – Discussion

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Unit 1: Unit 1: Drug Use in Society – Discussion

 

After you have completed the reading, and without reviewing your classmates’ responses, post your initial response to the following Discussion. Your post should be at least 400-450 words in length and should extend the discussion of the group supported by your course materials and/or other appropriate resources.

After you have submitted your initial post, review some of your classmates’ posts and respond to at least two of your classmates. Refer to your Discussion Board Rubric in your Syllabus for specific grading explanation.

 

Topics

 Discussion

Discussion

National drug trends show a rise in the use of illicit drugs in the past decade. In fact, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse National Trend report, in 2012, 23.9 million Americans reported use of an illicit drug. This represents a 8.3% increase since 2002. Visit the site: http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/nationwide-trends to answer these questions about illicit drug and alcohol use in the United States.

  1. According to national use trends, children ages 12-18 and young adults ages 18-20 report high rates of marijuana use. What are some reasons that might explain this trend?
  2. Explain the trends of alcohol use in both teens and adults in the past ten years. Report on binge drinking and arrest rates for driving under the influence. Why are these rates higher or lower than ten years ago?
  3. Using local data (local newspaper or government site), explain the drug use trends in your city/town. Use local drug arrest rates if you can find them in your explanation. Do you notice arrest rates trends for special populations, if so discuss them in your response (e.g. teens being arrested for marijuana possession).
  4. Check out this site:   http://www.aol.com/article/2016/07/05/maps-show-how-dangerous-illegal-drugs-flow-around-globe/21422200/

PHI 210 PROBLEM SOLVING

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Assignment 2:  Problem Solving
Due Week 9 and worth 150 points

When faced with a problem, what do you do to solve it? This assignment asks you to apply a six-step to problem solving process to a specific problem scenario. You will write a paper that presents a synthesis of your ideas about solving the problem using this systematic approach. As Voltaire said, “No problem can withstand the assault of sustained thinking.”

Choose one (1) of the problem scenarios as a topic choice for your paper (Note: Your professor must approve your topic choice before you begin work on the assignment.)

Scenario 1: You have worked at your company for eleven (11) years. You have returned to college to earn a Bachelor’s degree in order to increase your chances for a promotion. You are nearly finished with your degree, when a supervisor’s position in a competing company becomes available in another state. The start date is in two (2) weeks, during your final exam period for your courses. The position offers a $15,000 per year salary increase, a car allowance, and relocation expenses. Your former supervisor works for the company and is recommending you for the position based on your outstanding job performance; if you want the job, it’s yours. All of the other supervisors at this level in the company have Master’s degrees, so you know that you would be expected to earn your Bachelor’s degree and continue on to a Master’s degree. Your present company offers tuition reimbursement, but the new company does not.

Review the six-step problem solving process outlined in the webtext, based on the article “The Problem Solving Process” located at http://www.gdrc.org/decision/problem-solve.html:

  • Step One: Define the problem
  • Step Two: Analyze the problem
  • Step Three: Generate options
  • Step Four: Evaluate options
  • Step Five: Make your decision
  • Step Six: Implement and reflect

Write a four to five (4-5) page paper in which you:
1. Define the problem in the scenario that you have chosen.
2. Analyze the problem in the scenario.
3. Generate options for solving the problem in the scenario.
4. Evaluate the options for solving the problem.
5. Decide on the best option for solving the problem.
6. Explain how you will implement the decision made and reflect on whether this option was the most effective.

The paper should follow guidelines for clear and organized writing:

  • Include an introductory paragraph and concluding paragraph.
  • Address main ideas in body paragraphs with a topic sentence and supporting sentences.
  • Adhere to standard rules of English grammar, punctuation, mechanics, and spelling.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

  • Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA Style format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
  • Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.

You should follow these submission guidelines:

  • Submit the paper draft to Turnitin.com and then submit the originality report with the draft to Blackboard.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

 

  • Recognize the hindrances to the decision-making process in order to apply problem-solving skills to a variety of situations.
  • Create written work utilizing the concepts of critical thinking.
  • Use technology and information resources to research issues in critical thinking skills and informal logic.

Industry and Organizational Culture

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In this Assignment, you will write a descriptive report about the industry culture of a group of people within the workplace, preferably your career field industry culture. (Psychology) Please note that this focus should not be on racial or ethnic cultures.

 

Answer must be original (No Plagerism)

 

Assignment Instructions

 

Search using individual internet research and complete an essay (in at least 400 words), that investigates a cultural group in psychology. Describe what the industry group is like in your own words with support from any outside source information you have found. Be sure to cite and reference in APA format any outside sources you have used.

 

PLEASE SEE ATTACHMENT fot template

 

The guide below will assist you in structuring your paper:

For this Assignment, you must focus on an industry (profession) culture of Psychologist.

 

Below is a clarification of the areas you should focus on for researching your industry (profession) culture. (Psychologist)

 

  • Language and Behaviors
    • Language would focus on these elements in terms of an industry culture. For example, is there a special vocabulary or terminology used for the profession?
    • Behaviors – For example, what type of demeanor is expected? Are there body language expectations?
  • Attitudes and Beliefs
    • What are the main ethics rules of the profession?
    • What beliefs does the profession focus on as a whole?
  • Values and Interest
    • What are the core values of the profession?
    • How does this support the attitudes and beliefs of the profession?
  • Education and Trainings
    • What types of trainings or certifications are needed to continue in the profession?
    • Are you required to have a specific level of college degree?
    • Do you need to renew a license or certification every several years?
  • Tools and Equipment used
    • What types of tools and/or equipment are required for the job?
    • Do you need training to use these?
  • Interactions with others
    • What other groups will you interact with in the workplace? How will you need to interact with others in the workplace?

Be sure to include a brief introduction and conclusion to the paper. The paper should follow APA formatting guidelines. In addition, research from outside sources to support your work is a required component of this Assignment.

 

PLEASE SEE ATTACHMENT for template

 

done

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Please let me know if you have problems with either assignment such as accessing the websites that are on here.. I will give you my log on:

In this assignment, you will read an article about the Mozart effect and identify various parts of the research process. This exercise will help you learn how to read a research article and to understand the research process.

 

Read the following article:

 

 

In your article summary, respond to the following questions:

 

  • State the research hypothesis in your own words. Identify the independent and dependent variables.
  • What were some variables the researchers controlled in their study? Why was this necessary?
  • What evidence do the researchers offer as a test of their hypothesis? Is this evidence empirical (observable)? Is it valid?
  • What explanation do the researchers offer for their findings? Does the evidence justify this explanation?

 

Read the following article:

 

Jenkins, J.S. (2001). The Mozart effect. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 94, 170-172.

 

Based on your readings, respond to the following:

 

  • Do you think there is any merit in the study (Rauscher, Shaw, & Ky, 1993)? Give three reasons for your position.
  • Does the study take individual differences in spatial ability into account? Explain your answer.
  • What are two ways in which the experiment could be modified to make the results more generalizable?

 

Write a 5–6-page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation

developmental

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Assignment 2: Developmental and Environmental Risk Factors

There are various risk factors—multiple environmental and developmental experiences—that may lead to criminal behavior. Some examples of these risk factors may include, but are not limited to, a history of violence, abuse or trauma, substance abuse, peer rejection, or cognitive limitations. These risk factors can be further broken down into the risk of impact to the individual, family, peer, and community.

Multiple protective factors have been identified as having a significant propensity to reduce risk. These factors include promoting strong attitudes against violence, success in academic achievement, and forming positive peer relationships. There is a significant amount of literature available that examines the salience of each risk and protective factor.

Using the readings for this module, the Argosy University online library resources, and the Internet, research environmental and developmental risk factors that may lead to criminal behavior. Select two peer-reviewed articles for use in this assignment.  

In this assignment, you will take on the role of a supervisor at a juvenile detention center. You have been charged with training psychology interns on the salience of risk and protective factors. This is important information they must consider when assessing this population or providing treatment. You will utilize the selected articles to support your assertions.

As part of your training for the interns, you will create a scripted Microsoft PowerPoint presentation that covers the following:

  • Examine the risk factors and the various protective factors that may mitigate the level of risk.
  • Identify any gender differences that impact the salience of these factors.

Be sure to include detailed speaker’s notes that elaborate on the main points of each slide. Also include a title slide and a slide listing your references in APA format. Include complete reference details for your selected peer-reviewed articles.

Tissue

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APA Style minimum words 300

1)    Epithelial tissue is one of the four tissue types of the human body.

 

a)    Describe the various functions of epithelial tissue. In your post, describe the multiple morphologies (shapes) and structures of epithelial tissue. Provide an example of an organ in the human body that has epithelial tissue.

 

b)    What is the cause of acne vulgaris? If your teenage son had a case of acne vulgaris, what treatments would you recommend?

 

 

 

2)    There are three types of muscle tissues; skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.

 

a)    What are the functions of each of these muscle types?

 

b)    What are the similarities and differences between the structure and function of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle?

 

c)    Provide examples of organs that contain smooth muscle, skeletal muscle, and cardiac muscle.

 

d)    A 65-year-old man went to the local emergency room complaining of tightness in his chest, shortness of breath and heartburn. He is diagnosed with a myocardial infarction.

 

–        What are the causes of a myocardial infarction?

 

–        How does it affect heart tissue?

 

–        Does the affected heart tissue recover? What is the long-term consequence?

 

 

–        What life style changes do you recommend to avoid a myocardial infarction?

Discussion: Experimental design

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All written assignments and responses should follow APA rules for attributing sources.

Imagine you were conducting research on the relationship between academic performance (e.g., better grades) and different levels of loudness of music (interval scale) while studying.

  • How would you design the study using a correlational design?
  • How would you design the study using a quasi-experimental design?
  • How would you design the study using an experimental design?


Just a note that the experimental design tends to be the most challenging to work with for this assignment, so I wanted to elaborate a bit more on this, and the possibility of including what is known as a ‘control’ condition….  It is actually the only one of these designs where you would need to split participants into groups prior to the study…. One example would be that without the ‘silent/no music’ condition it wouldn’t be possible to tell if there was an overall increase or decrease in performance (or no change)–that is, perhaps the rocknroll group would score higher than the hip hop, but without the control condition, we wouldn’t know if this were because both were doing poorly (the rr group just less poorly) or even if both were doing better (the rr group improving more than the hh group).  Note that our ability to draw a causal connection between the IV & DV is directly related to internal validity, and supported by *random assignment* (see below)—Also, I found this

http://www.experiment-resources.com/experimental-research.html

‘user-friendly’ website that I wanted to share with everyone…  Keep in mind the importance of *random assignment*  in true experiments (as opposed to random selection in your sampling method)—this is critical for internal validity, the main strength of the experimental design.  Hope this helps!  

HEEELP

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Complete this week’s “The Graduate” scenario. You will notice that there are multiple arguments presented to influence your perspective on the issue confronted in the scenario. You confront arguments every day. In our digital age, however, they do not merely happen in face to face gatherings. Media and social media are often used to convey arguments. View the examples provided in “The Graduate Scenario” activity as well as those presented in this week’s required multimedia resources to see what arguments in the media may look like. Then, on your own, find an example of an argument from a media source. Within the course of your posts this week, make sure to do all of the following:

  • Include a link or bibliographical information for the source in your discussion post.  
  • Determine the issue that is being discussed and the conclusion that is drawn on that issue.  
  • Explain the reasons that are given for that conclusion in the example that you identify.
  • Finally, explain whether or not you were convinced by the argument. If you were convinced, explain why you found the argument strong or sound. If you were not convinced, explain why you found the argument weak and lacking.

 

You must post to this discussion on at least four separate days of the week and your posts must total at least 600 words as you address the questions noted above. Your first post must be completed by Day 3 (Thursday) and the remainder of your posts must be completed by Day 7 (Monday).  You must answer all aspects of the prompt at some point during the week.  Also, be sure to reply to your classmates and instructor.  Try to attempt to take the conversation further by examining their claims or arguments in more depth or responding to the posts that they make to you.  Keep the discussion on target and try to analyze things in as much detail as you can. 

Guided Response: Review your classmates’ posts. As you respond to one another, view the sources that your classmates chose to discuss. If you see reasons supporting the argument that have been overlooked, add those reasons to your discussion response. If you think that there is a different conclusion that is being presented than what your classmate described, provide that alternate conclusion. You might also consider responding to the argument that is made and supporting your responses with evidence and logical reasoning. Use evidence drawn from other sources to support your claims.

For further instruction about how to address discussion prompts in the new format, please view the key terms and Discussion Videos visible on the right in Week 1 Discussion 1.

 

 

Required Resources

Text

  1. An introduction to logic
    1. Chapter 1: Logic: An Introduction
    2. Chapter 2: The Building Blocks of Logic

Examples of Arguments in Media

These argument examples can be used to help you identify what arguments in the media may look like.  You must find your own argument in the media for your discussion post, but these examples may help you in that process.  It is not necessary to view all examples, but it is encouraged that you view as many as necessary to fully grasp the concept of arguments in media.

  1. Eidos84. (2010, Nov. 27). Peter Singer’s ethics [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVViICWs4dM
    • This video introduces students to the arguments that Peter Singer uses in his ethical philosophy. Transcript
  2. Juliot37. (2009, October 10) Slavoj Zizek in Examined Life [Video File]. Retrieved fromhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iGCfiv1xtoU
  3. Kolodziej, M. (2013). Arguments in media (Example). Office of Assessment Strategies & Instructional Systems, Ashford University, Clinton, IA.
    • This document serves as an example of how arguments appear in the media and how they can be broken into their component parts.
  4. MontyPython. (2008, Nov. 14). Argument clinic [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kQFKtI6gn9Y
  5. NBC News. (2012, January 13). Martin Luther King Jr. on NBC’s Meet the Press in 1965 [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fAtsAwGreyE
  6. Stopexecutions. (2008, July 14). Alan Keyes v. Barack Obama debate on death penalty [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3Afr-zI8Ys

madam- professor

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Assignment 1: Violence on Children’s TV

The National Television Violence Study found that in 1996-1997, 61% of television programs contained violence, and, of those selected, 75% showed no remorse, criticism of, or penalty for the violence. Forty percent of violent acts were committed by attractive characters.

For this assignment, you need to watch an hour of children’s television, preferably cartoons, and analyze the level of violence in the chosen children’s show.

  • Rate the aggressive acts using the following scale:
    • Mild: Verbal aggression with no physical contact
    • Medium: Physical contact with no blood, such as pushing, shoving, and hitting
    • Extreme: Use of force to cause bodily injury, such as guns, knives, and other weapons, where blood is produced
  • Determine if any of the following occurs after the violent acts:
    • remorse for the violence
    • criticism of the violence
    • any consequences of the violence
  • Analyze how the chosen show might influence the growing child, based on your readings. What messages is this show giving to the child?

Council on Communications and Media. (2009). Media violence. Pediatrics, 124(5), 1495-1503. Retrieved from http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/124/5/1495.full

By Saturday, September 12, 2015, write your initial response to each part in 3–4 paragraphs. Apply APA standards to citation of sources.