What is the benefit of accurate report writing in law enforcement intelligence operations insofar as having an influence in operational decisions.

Having accurate information that you can rely on to make operational decisions can drastically increase productivity and effectiveness.  Accurate report writing can help create criminal statistically data, which could help create a potential target list.  With those potential targets they can narrow it down to a certain group of individuals that fit the description. The accuracy portion can literally be what makes or breaks the case. In the case of police officers, detectives, and crime scene investigators, a poorly worded or badly organized report can mean the difference between a criminal being brought to justice or going free (Roufa, 2019, paragraph 6). If you get bad information or don’t write an accurate report and it gets passed along and used on the operational side. Peoples lives could be at risk. Especially with individuals that are undercover and working with dangerous folks. 

2.  What intelligence value is gained by a police department that provides street officers with training in collecting and documenting information they receive on the streets while working their assigned sectors or beats?

When you have street officers that are trained in collecting and documenting information they receive, it allows analysts to review the information that is brought and turn it into intelligence. These officers that work assigned sectors are the subject matter experts on what goes on in them. They know exactly when something is out of the ordinary and the information they are brining in is going to be pretty accurate data. Once the analyst puts together their reports they can push these out to other law enforcement agencies to help with tactical operations. 

respond to this discussion question in 250 words

DUE TODAY IN 4 HOURS!!! 10/15/17

  

Background on Project:

You will work on a course project that involves the design and development of an effective HRD training program. Each week you will work on a specific aspect of the project.

You are the HRD Manager of a large trucking company called Fleet Trucking. You have been approached by several middle management personnel who are seeking your assistance to improve the productivity and efficiency of the administrative office personnel. Office personnel apparently are not being trained effectively in their job duties, especially with new equipment or procedures, and many aspects of their duties are either being overlooked or not completed properly.

The first thing that must be done is to convince upper management that a training project, beginning with needs assessment, is necessary. 

Last week, for Part 1 (see attached) a basic office training task (without a needs assessment) for my project was chose which was TRAINING ON HOW TO ANSWER A BUSINESS CALL. 

This week’s assignment is:

Explain the expected outcomes once employees have attended the training program you are designing. Submit a short report addressing the following issues: 

1. Outcomes: Explain the types of outcomes and the effects on employee motivation toward doing the job duties being targeted in the training. 

2. Performance Expectations: What type of improvement do you hope to see in performance after the employees have attended the training? (Show where this skill improvement fits in the overall chart of “Employee Behavior” in Figure 2-1 of your text SEE ATTACHED)

3. Job Enrichment: How will this training assist with job enrichment for the employees? (See “job enrichment” SEE ATTACHED)

4. KSA: Explain how your training will assist with the employees’ knowledge, skills, and abilities to conduct their job duties. Why is this important? (Refer to the discussions of KSAs – SEE ATTACHED.)

500 WORK

Option 1

Please discuss the counter-measures, innovation, and regulation involved in intelligence analysis and cyber-crime.  Do not make all your points about just one of the readings. Please ensure that you make appropriate use, in-text citation, and reference to available source information to support your perspective (be sure to include why you consider these issues important).

Option 2

Find a recent article, journal entry, or research paper on counter-measures, innovation, or regulation involving intelligence analysis or cyber-crime and analyze the article from a management perspective if you were address the countermeasure, innovation, or regulation in an intelligence analyst or cyber-crime program in your department.

 in-text citation, and reference to available source information to support your perspective in APA style and format (500 words).

Thereafter, interact (by 11:55pm Sunday) with two or more classmates (250 cumulative words), e.g., explain why you agree or disagree with their post; confirm something you learned; inform them of other relevant information they may consider, etc.

Please organize your response according to the following example.
 

1)  Intelligence as a Tool of Strategy

 Briefly summarize it…xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

 Provide clear examples… xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

 Tell us what you think about it….xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.

2)  Intelligence Analysis: Behavioral and Social Scientific Foundations

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xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.

3)  National Strategies

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.

In addition to the readings in the Lessons section of

– not counting the copied questions or references. Answer length is cumulative. That is, the total length to answer all the weekly questions or parts of questions is a minimum of 500 words, not 500 words for each question. 500 words for initial posts and 300 words for responses Minimum length is

class it is important to do your own academic research.

Classmate responses must include at least one (1) additional academic response, from the library also in APA format, that was not used in the initial response or other student replies. That means a minimum of four (4) academic references each week.  These references are in addition to those listed in the Lessons section which may be used in addition to the sources you provide from the library.

Academic references may not include your text or required readings for this course.  They must be peer-reviewed professional journal articles found in the school online library.  Wikipedia, magazines (like Police Chief or Law & Order), news articles, FBI Bulletins and Google-sourced web sites are not considered academic references. 

Naturally additional references, both academic and non-academic, may be used and are encouraged.  This is a discussion forum and should be used as such.

The MINIMUM standards of three postings per week, as well as the number of words and references, are just that – the minimum.  While this will allow a student to pass a course, those who are satisfied to do the minimum usually earn a grade of C – average – for a course.  If you want a better grade you have to earn it by consistently doing more than the minimum.

All posts must be substantive and add to the discussion.  Your responses should contribute in a meaningful way to helping advance our knowledge of the topics the class explores.  Simple agreement and “good job” comments are a waste of time and space and will not count towards the length requirements so don’t use them.

Your grade for participation in weekly forum discussions will be in accordance with the rubric provided.  Your forum grade will encompass both your original posting and your classmate responses.

Work that is late, missing, or that does not follow the assignment requirements will lose assignment points, up to and including a zero grade for the assignment.

Unless specified differently, these directions will apply to each weekly forum discussion.

Be sure to click on the Forum line in your Gradebook and read my comments each week, in addition to your grade.  This provides feedback on your work, additional information on the discussion, and will help you get the best possible grade each week.

***************************Week 1 Lesson*************************************

The focus of this week is to provide students with the opportunity to review and discuss select introductory information on historical aspects of criminal intelligence, organized crime, and U.S. and international law enforcement agencies. Among the issues to consider are the relationship between intelligence analysts and policy makers; consumers’ role in the intelligence process; and ODNI’s solution to emerging problems. After completing the assigned readings, students must engage in substantive forum discussions with classmates on the indicated topic(s) and retain some of this knowledge for consideration in later segments of the course.

The relationship between intelligence analysts and strategists/policymakers

The relationship between intelligence and strategy is vital in creating policies that protect U.S. national security. Aclin (2010, p. 265) presents “two schools of thought” regarding the relationship between intelligence analysts and strategists, i.e., “distance” and “proximity” schools.

Distance school argues that intelligence analysis must remain separated from the strategy stage in order to avoid any influence that could manipulate the objectivity of the final evaluation. Analysts can then be “sheltered from undue pressure and can form their assessments independently” (Aclin, 2010, p. 265). This ensures that analysts remain open to different trends or predictions that may not always be supportive of the policies present.

At the other spectrum, “proximity” school rationalizes that constant interaction and collaboration between both parties would create a stronger camaraderie which would lead to better products. This school of thought argues that integrating analysts in the planning stages would provide them with insights to the strategists “immediate intelligence requirements,” specific “needs or perspectives,” and the “priorities and challenges” faced (Aclin, 2010, p. 265). Informing intelligence analysts about the context of why particular intelligence is needed and what strategists already know or do not know could eliminate redundancy and determine missed intelligence gaps.

Both processes have obvious advantages and disadvantages; finding a balance between both is vital in ensuring successful objective long-term strategic planning. Students tend to lean more toward the “proximity” school of thought believing that human nature tends to thrive more within a close-knit relationship that fosters trust, confidence, and a team player mindset. In order to avoid pitfalls such as “analytic bias” which occurs when “intelligence officers are involved in policy decisions,” there must be a constant check and balance from both analysts and strategists to ensure that inappropriate lines are not crossed (Aclin, 2010, p. 266). This ensures that objectivity remains uncompromised and forces strategists to look at other avenues of data.

Consumers’ role in the intelligence process

The business of intelligence is like every other business; it exists to provide a service to consumers. Fingar (2011, p. 5) indicates that the 16 distinct agencies in the Intelligence Community (IC) provide “tailored support” which “serves different, and somewhat unique, customers and missions.” It is important to not only understand what customers are requesting, but also for customers to understand and be sensitive to the limitations for intelligence analysts.

According to the National Criminal Intelligence Resource Center (2013), customers must understand what their role is in the intelligence process and what is expected of them. Customers should “integrate the IC into their operational cycle and processes;” “expect intelligence support to be a push-and-pull process;” “state their requests specifically;” “share what they know” and don’t know; “share their timeline;” and “provide feedback” (p. 36). Customers must buy into an equal partnership with the IC in order for a smooth transaction to take place. If strategists demand information with unrealistic expectations [such as a short timeline] final assessments could minimize the discovery of gaps and disregard essential potential trends or future scenarios.

ODNI’s solution to emerging problems

Instead of following previous standard operating procedures of solving new problems with old solutions like creating new centers and hiring more analysts to fulfill new, more complex requests from modern day customers, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) decided to improve the situation at hand without requiring additional limited resources. The ODNI’s resolution instead was to use a “mapping exercise” to “determine where the IC had sufficient expertise…, where gaps existed… and where there was potential to ‘grow’ expertise” (Fingar, 2011, p. 20).

Fingar (2011) introduces three major objectives to collaborating experts throughout the intelligence field – (1) to routinely integrate “outside experts” into the IC for fresh perspectives; (2) use them as “sounding boards for ideas;” and (3) to “nurture these relationships so they could be activated immediately in the event of a crisis or extremely short fuse requirements” (p. 23). It is evident that collaboration is necessary in order to eliminate deficiencies, redundancies, and intelligence gaps. It adds on to the holistic perspective and ensures that every possible prediction is brought to the table.

Despite these advantages, there will always be a downfall to sharing information among different organizations beyond and within the IC, e.g., compromising covert “sources and methods” (Fingar, 2011, p. 23). To decrease these concerns, it would be imperative to create a specific criterion in order to provide a controlled outflow of situation critical information while eliminating the outflow of unnecessary information. The validity of information received from outside experts greatly diminishes since resources and techniques are virtually 100 percent unverifiable.

HITECH Act Technology and Controls

The HITECH Act requires providers applying for financial incentives for meaningful use to engage in a number of very specific data collection, storage, and exchange activities. A large percentage of healthcare providers that might qualify for these financial incentives are small practices—essentially small businesses. These small businesses rarely have the resources available to purchase and maintain the technology necessary to qualify for these incentives. Providers have chosen a variety of solutions including partnering with large health systems that might provide the services as part of the partnership or choosing to outsource the work to a third party.

Dr. Taylor has been providing healthcare for his neighbors since the 1960s. Over the years, he has shared a clinic space with several other independent physicians, sharing expenses, support staff, and on-call responsibilities. Dr. Taylor and his partners have decided that they do not want to follow the path of many of their peers by joining forces with a large health insurance company. At a partners meeting, Dr. Taylor was tasked with finding a cloud provider to help the partners implement an appropriate electronic health record (EHR). The EHR would meet all criteria, including security and privacy regulations, that would qualify these health providers for meaningful use financial incentives.

Use the study materials and engage in any additional research needed to fill in knowledge gaps. Then discuss the following:

• Describe the steps necessary to select an appropriate cloud provider that will provide access to an EHR and host data storage for a small provider practice.
• Identify the security and privacy controls that the selected cloud provider must be able to implement to comply with the HITECH Act criteria.
• Explain the roles and responsibilities of the cloud provider and the healthcare providers in ensuring that the HITECH Act security and privacy regulations are met.

 

It is importance to have official crime data on how it can make a significant outlook to the communities which can deliver an important form of resources within the police departments to the community by “Prevent crimes, providing safety and security, and understanding what is happening within the community”. Without official crime data, how can a department/ agency improve the needs for their community? This is where official crime data comes into play by “This program is the most reliable source of crime statistics for law enforcement administration, operation, and management. It is also used by researchers, politicians, and criminal justice professionals to gain a deeper understanding of crime and society” (Walden University, 2019).

    Walden University (2019) explains the composure of each function of how it benefits of improving the communities and departmental needs. First, predictive policing- which helps prevent crimes (in the future) by being combative and being proactive. Second, Improving community relations- As this “paints a picture” (per se) to the community by allowing them to see how their law enforcement is making a positive approach and by providing them a means of safety and security or protect and serve. Third, budgeting formation- When one thinks about departmental budget, a budget is “key” to helping pay for training, staffing, equipment and provide other needs for the department to serve the community. Data provides a outlook for the department to apply themselves for grants and/or funding to cover such expenses, for example; let say if crime (a) has risen and this department does not have the adequate funds to cover such expenses (staff or equipment). Without such crime data to apply for grants, how can they help and prevent such crimes? As crime data can be apply as a form of “foundation” to help the department apply for a grant which can help them to combat such crimes.  Four, initiative assessment- I think this can be applied more for the community, as individual(s) want to move into areas to raise a family and have nice areas to live in.

What are some issues with using official crime data?

   Crime data does have a number of issues, below are a list of them explaining the problems of each. As “Data accuracy is more of an issue for data collected by local levels of government. For example, the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) program administered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) imposes standard classification criteria, with explicit guidelines and regular training at the local level, but  data are still inconsistent for many crimes” (Bachman, & Schutt, 2018, p. 74).

1- What is and not reported, this can be a concern to how one paints a picture to the community. If crimes is not reported, how can one prevent such crimes from occurring and protect the community in terms of safety? As Philadelphia made an error to this “In 1998 the Philadelphia police department failed to report an estimated 37,000 UCR Part 1 crimes, but when these crimes where included, Philadelphia moved from fifth to the second most dangerous city in the United States” (Mosher, Miethe, & Hart, 2011, p.103).

2- How accurate is the information being reported? As falsifying information and manipulated crime statistics can come into play for not providing accuracy “Not reporting all crime incidents on monthly UCR submissions. Downgrading major Part 1 offenses to minor offenses so they are not tallied nationally in the UCR summaries” (Mosher, Miethe, & Hart, 2011, p.101).

3- If suspect (a) is charged with (A,B, & C) and suspect (b) is charged with (A, B, & C) for the same crimes that are conducted in the same time and location, can we say when they are process by the district attorney and put on trial, would those charges be applied on them? Or can we say to move the case along (fast) there a plea deal which suspect (a) may receive one charge and suspect (b) has received two charges. This can be an issue with “UCR” why? ” With respect to the courts and prosecutions, there should be accurate information to show the number of persons officially charged, the charges that are filed, whether the charges are reduced or dismissed, the outcome of the prosecution, and the judgement or sentence rendered by the court” (Beattie, 1955).

4- When it comes to domestic violence, how is such reports filed? For example, domestic violence can be one of the most “scary and unknowing” actions for a police officer to respond too. As officers do not know if and what has taken place, what is involved and what weapons (if any) may be ready to be used. When responding to a call, many things can happen from assault, weapons being used, and/or of of the partners may say “I am sorry for calling you and I don’t want to press any charges”, how does one report such a crime? As domestic violence can have many variations and what type of crimes may be applied to for such a report to be filed by the officer  ” The principal investigators of the experiment designed the study to explain how legal and informal sanctions deter misdemeanor domestic violence perpetrators from repeated acts of abuse or violence” (Miller, 2003).

What public policy changes could be made by relying upon the 2 articles?

   The public policy changes that could be made by relying upon the 2 articles are as follow. 

1- When it comes to domestic violence from the article Miller (2003) shows the following information ” For two decades researchers have used randomized or experimental designs to study how police practices can decrease the probability, frequency,and severity of reoccurring family or domestic violence”. Domestic violence can carry an “if” to how one may perceive the information and run with the “facts” on how they want to move forward from both the person(s) being abused to how the officers may see such “fit” on how to handle the call. As ” Most urban police departments in the United States, in response to the widely publicized initial experiment, developed mandatory or preferred arrest policies for domestic violence, although some analysts issued sharp warnings of likely victim harms and injuries” (p. 2).

     The public policy changes to be “fit” for this case can be from what I think has a two-part answer,(1) teaching the community of how domestic violence impacts the lives of many and standing on one ground (not to fight hand to hand), but think (smart) and make the call for help can show those being abused that there is light at the end of the tunnel. (2) From the officers aspect, they can show the person and also know the facts of removing the problem out of the equation which can provide some form of relief to the problem and not make it worse. Depending on the situation “the nature” can swing both ways to the outcome, as the article shows that there is not significant “proof” to show if and what the police did (left the situation as is or took the negative equation) out of the picture. I do think public police changes would be having the officer show the person what has happened (so charges can be filed), so the person (whom called for help) can have the “legal power” in making a decision that is more favorable. As one may not know if something can happen again (worse case scenario) or (the person has to relieve through the pain). As the public policy changes would be to educate the officers with the proper research and measures of domestic violence which they can educate the public (person needing help) to make a proper call.overall. 

The article of Baumer and Adams (2006) controlling a jail population due to over crowding. The issue comes from how ” The factors that drive admissions and length of stay, however, are quite different for prisons and jails. Much of the prison population is legislatively driven. In any given jurisdiction the type of sentences (determinate–indeterminate), type of release (discretionary– mandatory), length of sentence,extent of credit time, mandatory minimums, sentence enhancements (threestrikes), and a host of other factors are largely controlled by the relevantsentencing statutes” (p. 2). Depending on severity of crime, one can make public policy changes on bail (reduce the overcrowding of jail), as this creates a open space in the jail for individual(s) who commits crimes of severity.  I do think within this article public policy changes can be made in comparison without infringing on one rights under the Amendments of (5th, 6th,7th,and 8th) is to know what can be considered for an individual to be a threat to society due to his or her form of crime they have committed. Meaning; if the crime is small and does not possess a threat and/or have a past history of crime, than they should be no reason to put them in jail, just set a bail and a form of jail restrictions and save the jail for individual who are not “fit” to be in society.

    The Holy Bible describes change to improve one life and the community for which public policy is being used to some aspect “For everything there is a season, and a time for every matter under heaven;. (Ecclesiastes 3:1, English Standard Version).

                                                                                   Reference

Bachman, R.D., &Schutt, R.K. (2018). Fundamentals of research. Criminology and criminal justice.  (4th ed.) Thousand Oaks, CA. Sage Publication.

Baumer, T. & Adams, K. (2003). Controlling a jail population by partially closing the front door. The prison Journal. Vol. 86 Number 3.

Beattie, R. (1955). Problems of criminal statistics in the United States. Journal of criminal law and criminology. Vol.46. Issue 2.

Miller,J. (2003). An arresting experiment: Domestic violence victim experience and perceptions. Purdue University. Sage Publicaiton.

Mosher, C.J., Miethe, T.D., & Hart, T. C., (2011). The Mismeasure of crime. (2nd. ed.) Thousand Oaks, CA. Sage Publicaiton.

Walden University (2019). Why national crime statistics are important: Learn about the data that can lead to safer communities.